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Research Publications on "Sho-saiko-to" (1990-2001)
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Is your "Sho-saiko-to" manufactured under the same quality standard as the ones approved by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Labor? Find out more... |
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<76> Authors
Inada Y. Watanabe K.
Kamiyama M. Kanemitsu T. Clark WS. Lange
M. Institution
Department of Medicine, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, College
of
Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York 10025, USA. Title
In vitro immunomodulatory effects of traditional Kampo medicine
(sho-saiko-to: SST) on peripheral mononuclear cells in
patients with AIDS. Source
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.
44(1):17-9, 1990. <77> Authors
Ono K. Nakane H.
Fukushima M. Chermann JC. Barre-Sinoussi F. Institution
Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute,
Nagoya,
Japan. Title Differential inhibition of the activities of reverse
transcriptase and
various cellular DNA polymerases by a traditional Kampo drug,
sho-saiko-to. Source
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.
44(1):13-6, 1990. Abstract
A traditional Kampo drug, Sho-saiko-to, composed of several
herb extracts, differentially inhibited the activities of reverse
transcriptase and human cellular DNA polymerase alpha and beta.
Reverse
transcriptases from murine leukemia virus and human immunodeficiency
virus
were inhibited by over 80% and 50%, respectively, in the presence of
100
micrograms/ml Sho-saiko-to, whereas DNA polymerase alpha was
much less sensitive to inhibition by this drug than were the reverse
transcriptases. DNA polymerase gamma was not inhibited by this drug
at
concentrations of up to 500 micrograms/ml. Only DNA polymerase beta
was
moderately inhibited by Sho-saiko-to. Thus, it has been
shown that the inhibition by Sho-saiko-to is relatively
specific for reverse transcriptase and that the drug contains as yet
unidentified inhibitory substance(s) for reverse transcriptase. <78> Authors
Yonekura K. Kawakita T.
Mitsuyama M. Miura O.
Yumioka E. Suzuki A.
Nomoto K. Institution
Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Laboratories, Kanebo Co. Ltd.,
Osaka,
Japan. Title
Induction of colony-stimulating factor(s) after administration of a
traditional Chinese medicine, xiao-chai-hu-tang (Japanese name:
shosaiko-to). Source
Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology.
12(4):647-67, 1990. Abstract
Colony stimulating factor (CSF)-rich serum was obtained from mice
injected
intraperitoneally (ip) with shosaiko-to, a traditional
Chinese herbal medicine. Transfer of the CSF-rich serum into naive
mice
augmented the resistance against Listeria monocytogenes. A
dose-dependent
induction of CSF was observed in mice given shosaiko-to via
intravenous route as well as via intraperitoneal route. Since the
serum CSF
induction was observed in both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responder
C3H/He mice
and LPS-non-responder C3H/HeJ mice, the effect of
shosaiko-to seemed to be independent of possibly
contaminating LPS. The level of serum CSF induced by
shosaiko-to in athymic nude mice was similar to that in
control euthymic mice, and the induction of CSF was completely
blocked by the
previous administration of carrageenan, a selective
macrophage-blocker. In
mice treated ip with shosaiko-to CSF activity was detected
in the peritoneal cavity, the site of injection, and the time course
was similar to that of serum CSF induction. In a bone marrow
culture system, the
composition of colonies formed by shosaiko-to-induced CSF
was similar to that formed by standard GM-CSF. The CSF activity was
scarcely
affected by treatment of the sera with anti-M-CSF antibody. These
results
suggest that shosaiko-to augments the host defense by
inducing mainly GM-CSF, and that CSF is produced by cells of
macrophage
lineage. In addition, it was shown that CSF could be induced even
after oral
administration of herbal medicines. <79> Authors
Hiramatsu M. Velasco RD. Packer
L. Institution
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California,
Berkeley
94720. Title
Vitamin E radical reaction with antioxidants in rat liver membranes. Source
Free Radical Biology & Medicine.
9(6):459-64, 1990. Abstract
The Japanese herbal medicine
Sho-saiko-to-go-keishi-ka-shakuyaku-to (TJ-960) has been
demonstrated to have an antioxidant action by quenching free
radicals. The
effects of TJ-960 on the tocopheroxy radicals generated by an
arachidonic
acid and lipoxygenase oxidation system were compared with those of
the
ascorbate and glutathione in vitamin E-enriched rat liver microsomes
and
submitochondrial membrane particles (SMP). Using electron spin
resonance
spectrometry, the disappearance of the tocopheroxy radicals after
addition of
glutathione and ascorbate was detected in microsomes and SMP, with
ascorbate
displaying a more potent action than glutathione. Addition of TJ-960
demonstrated a similar effect on the tocopheroxy radicals in
microsomes and
SMP. In the presence of TJ-960, ascorbate, and glutathione, the loss
of
vitamin E in the vitamin E-enriched microsomes of rat liver
undergoing
oxidation was slowed down. In this paper, we introduced TJ-960 as
another
replenisher of vitamin E in membrane, increasing the membrane's
resistance
against oxidative damage. <80> Authors
Buimovici-Klein E. Mohan V. Lange
M. Fenamore E.
Inada Y. Cooper LZ. Institution
Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New
York, NY
10019. Title
Inhibition of HIV replication in lymphocyte cultures of
virus-positive
subjects in the presence of sho-saiko-to, an oriental plant
extract. Source
Antiviral Research. 14(4-5):279-86,
1990 Oct-Nov. Abstract
An oriental remedy, Sho-saiko-to (SST) consisting of a
mixture of aqueous extracts from seven different plants and whose
most active
component is the chemically defined compound baicalein was tested for
its
ability to inhibit the production of the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).
The testing was done with cultures of human lymphocytes obtained from
HIV-positive asymptomatic subjects and patients with ARC or AIDS. The
replication of the virus was monitored by quantitative assay of the
reverse
transcriptase (RT) activity and of the synthesis of antigen p24. The
lymphocyte cultures (LC) were maintained in the absence and in the
presence
of 25, 50 or 100 micrograms/ml of SST, and monitored for up to 5
weeks. The
results showed that in LC from asymptomatic subjects RT activity and
synthesis of p24 was completely inhibited by low concentrations of
SST. High
concentrations of SST inhibited virus replication in 80% of LC from
ARC
patients, but were completely ineffective in LC from AIDS patients.
It was
observed that the RT activity was more sensitive to inhibition by SST
than
the synthesis of p24, and that the antiviral effect was dependent on
the
virus load of the LC. <81> Authors
Kawakita T. Nakai S.
Kumazawa Y. Miura O.
Yumioka E. Nomoto K. Institution
Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Laboratories, Kanebo Co., Ltd,
Osaka,
Japan. Title
Induction of interferon after administration of a traditional Chinese
medicine, xiao-chai-hu-tang (shosaiko-to). Source
International Journal of Immunopharmacology.
12(5):515-21, 1990. Abstract
We examined the ability of a traditional chinese herbal medicine,
xiao-chai-hu-tang (Japanese name: shosaiko-to) to induce IFN
in mice. A maximum activity (105 units/ml) of interferon (IFN)
appeared in
the serum of mice 16 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment with
250 mg/kg
of shosaiko-to. Addition of polymyxin B did not abrogate the
ability of shosaiko-to to induced serum IFN. The IFN was
identified as IFN-alpha/beta by neutralizing test using anti-IFN
alpha/beta
antibodies. Pretreatment of mice with carrageenan suppressed the IFN
induction by shosaiko-to, whereas the IFN induction by
shosaiko-to was impaired neither in mice treated with
anti-asialo-GM1 antibody nor in T-cell-deficient athymic nude mice.
IFN was
produced in vitro by spleen cells obtained from shosaiko-to
treated mice. Moreover, spleen cells from untreated mice could also
produce
IFN when they were cultured with shosaiko-to. Additionally,
serum IFN was also induced by the adoptive transfer of spleen cells
from
shosaiko-to treated mice to normal mice. On the other hand,
peroral administration of shosaiko-to also induced
IFN-alpha/beta in the serum. While IFN activity induced by i.p.
administration of shosaiko-to declined after repeated
treatments, the activity induced by its peroral administration did
not
decline during a long term treatment. These results showed that
shosaiko-to is an IFN-alpha/beta inducer capable of repeated
peroral administration. |
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